Mortality in the Chrysotile Asbestos Mines and Mills of Quebec

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Abstract
Of 11,788 persons bom between 1891 and 1920 employed in the Quebec asbestos mining industry, 88.4% were traced. Of these 2,457 (23.6%) had died. Exposure indexes for each worker were calculated from job dust levels and duration of employment. The overall mortality was lower than expected for the population of Quebec but in the highest dust category, comprising 5% of the cohort, the age-standardized rate was 20% higher than in the other groups. Respiratory, cardiovascular, and malignant disease in equal proportions accounted for the excess. There were 101 deaths from respiratory cancer including three from malignant mesothelioma, an estimated excess of about 15 deaths. The difference in rates for respiratory cancer between those maximally and minimally exposed was fivefold and, though perhaps exaggerated, was apparently determined by accumulated dust exposure and duration of employment.