Childhood Leukemia — New Advances and Challenges

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Abstract
Since 1970, the rate of cure of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in children has increased dramatically, from less than 30 percent to approximately 80 percent. This remarkable improvement has resulted from the marriage of laboratory and clinical science. The identification of effective agents in randomized cooperative-group studies, the application of treatment to the central nervous system before the onset of symptoms, the intensification of treatment, and the use of “risk-adapted therapy” (therapy tailored to the predicted risk of relapse) have led to today's impressive cure rates.Despite these successes, however, much work remains. Many of the children with ALL who . . .