The teratogenic potential and dose–response of dermally administered ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (EGME) estimated in rats with the chernoff–kavlock assay

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Abstract
The Chernoff and Kavlock in vivo assay was used to study the teratogenic potential of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (EGME). It was administered to pregnant rats on days 6–17 (inclusive) of gestation by the dermal route at an application rate of 10 ml kg−1 body weight of 3%, 10%, 30% and 100% EGME with physiological saline as the solvent. 100% was lethal to the pregnant rats, 30% was lethal to the fetuses, 10% produced small litter sizes with poor survival and 3% had no adverse effects. By the ‘rules’ developed to evaluate results from the assay, 10% was judged to be a potentially teratogenic dose in the rats. The study also demonstrated the usefulness of this assay for pre‐screening or additional investigations for suspected teratogens when route of exposure could be important in determining the potential hazard.