The cultivation of rust fungi upon artificial media

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Abstract
While the rust fungi have long been regarded as obligate parasites, within recent years nine species belonging to four different genera have been grown in pure culture in the laboratory. Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae and Uromyces caladii have been isolated from tissue cultures of their infected hosts. A culture of Puccinia malvacearum originated from a teliospore, promycelium, or basidiospore. Puccinia graminis tritici, P. graminis avenae, P. recondita trilici, P. helianthi, Melampsora lini, and Uromyces dianthi have been isolated from germinating uredospores. Melampsora lini has also been isolated through treatment of infected host tissues with hydrolytic enzymes. Some of the cytological, physiological, and biochemical findings resulting from studies of these pure cultures are discussed.

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