Nitrogen Effects on Growth, Seed Yield, and Protein of Seven Pea Cultivars1

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Abstract
Nitrogen fertilization effects on vegetative growth, seed yield, and seed protein of seven pea (Pisum sativum subsp, arvense L.) cultivars were studied under greenhouse conditions. Nitrogen was applied as ammonium nitrate at seven equally spaced intervals at rates of 0, 50, and 100 ppm N. Nitrogen fertilization with 50 ppm N increased total seed protein of five cultivars 47 to 109% due to an increase in protein/seed and higher seed yield. Protein/seed progressively increased in all cultivars as rate of N application increased. Maximum increase in protein/seed was from 26.6 to 51.9% in a semi‐dwarf (SD) winter‐type pea. Seed yield decreased when plants received 100 ppm N. The number of days from planting to the first flower and number of nodes to the first flower was not influenced by N fertilization except in the SD pea. Nitrogen increased the number of days to flowering and increased the number of nodes before the first flower in the SD pea. Maturity was delayed by N application in all winter cultivars except ‘Inc 16.’ The spring‐type peas — ‘Alaska,’ ‘Perfection,’ and ‘P3’ (tall, spring‐type) showed no maturity differences from N application. Data from these experiments should be of practical value to plant breeders working toward improvement of protein content of peas.
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