A Pharmacodynamic Study of the Normal Urinary Tract in Children

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Abstract
A study of the action of numerous pharmacological substances upon the urinary tract of normal children revealed the following results. The neuromuscular balance (sensory and motor function) was detd. in terms of intracystic vol. and the vesical reactions by means of a kymographic record. Of the drugs affecting the central nervous system, the chloral group proved to cause a mildly depressing effect. Morphine sulphate stimulated the vesical activity. Similarly, KCl increased the vesical tone. Strychnine increased the tone of the bladder; caffeine in the doses administered showed little irritation of the bladder muscles or was without effect. Quinine exerted a definite stimulating influence upon the tone of the bladder and the emptying mechanism. Similarly, benzedrine sulphate produced vesical stimulation. Of the drugs affecting the peripheral nerves, sparteine produced a definite increase in bladder activity. Atropine caused a rise in intracystic pressure. Tincture of belladonna uniformly caused a relaxing influence on the bladder. In contrast, homatropine had a stimulating influence. Nicotine tartrate brought about a marked vesical relaxation. Acetyl choline had a strong stimulating effect. Of the choline compounds, carbaminoyl choline chloride proved the strongest stimulating drug. Pilocarpine stimulated the vesical parasympathetic neuromuscular mechanism. Ergonovine, an alkaloid belonging to the ergot group, was found to have a marked stimulating effect. Of the other drugs tested, camphor-in-oil also stimulated the vesical emptying mechanism. The possible therapeutic applications of these pharmacological findings are discussed.

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