Tumour necrosis factor β alleles and hyperinsulinaemia in coronary artery disease

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Abstract
Hyperinsulinaemia and dyslipoproteinaemia are markers and risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). We investigated the influence of a tumour necrosis factor β (TNF-β) gene polymorphism on serum parameters related to these metabolic disorders in patients with CAD. A total of 199 patients with CAD and 81 control subjects with angiographically normal coronary arteries were studied. A digestion of amplified DNA with NcoI revealed three fragment patterns: homozygosity for TNF-β*1 or TNF-β*2 and heterozygosity (TNF-β*1/*2). Patients with CAD who had increased serum insulin or C-peptide (fasting and after glucose load) were predominantly heterozygous for TNF-β (72% vs. 47%) and less frequently homozygous for TNF-β*2 (22% vs. 43%, P = 0.03). This study demonstrates an association of TNF-β alleles with the risk factor hyperinsulinaemia in CAD. Genomic variants of TNF-β may therefore contribute to the complex susceptibility for the metabolic syndrome in patients with CAD.