Competitive Response to Moisture Stress of a Winter Annual of the Sonoran Desert

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Abstract
Phenological development, productivity, and survival were studied in a winter annual of the Sonoran Desert, Plantago insularis var. fastigata, at three degrees of density, each of which was subject to three levels of moisture stress. Earliest flowering and fruiting were at medium moisture stress, although maximum flowering and fruiting were at low moisture stress. Within a given density, with one exception, increased moisture stress brought about a more rapid decline in the population. Within a given degree of moisture stress, density-dependent competition limited survival only at the highest density. Productivity was lowered by medium and high moisture stress.

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