Surgical treatment of skull base chondrosarcomas

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Abstract
Skull base chondrosarcomas are rare tumors and individual experience with their management is limited. We present a series of such tumors treated at our institution. Particular attention was paid to their extension pattern, choice of surgical approach, and outcome. Twenty-five patients were operated consecutively over a period of 19 years. Their clinical presentation, radiological features, surgical treatment, early and late treatment outcome, as well as survival rate were analyzed. The most frequent initial symptom was abducent palsy. The typical bone destruction of the petrous apex was found in 83%. Chondrosarcomas extended in 92% to the posterior cranial fossa. Total number of surgeries was 39. The operative approach was tailored to each case. The retrosigmoid approach was used in 30.8%, the pterional in 23%, and the transethmoid in 15.4%. Total tumor removal was achieved in 19 of the surgeries. New neurological deficits immediately after surgery appeared in 33.3%. The perioperative mortality was 0%. The average Karnofsky performance score at last follow-up was 91%, and 5- and 10-year survival rates were 95%. Individually tailored approach in skull base chondrosarcomas allows radical removal with low morbidity rates and without mortality. Given the good long-term prognosis, surgical treatment should not deteriorate significantly patients’ quality of life.