Differences Between Mainstream and Sidestream Cigarette Smoke Extracts and Nicotine in the Activation of Platelets Under Static and Flow Conditions

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Abstract
Background— Cigarette smoke is a primary risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Enhanced function of the hemostatic system, in which platelets play a major role, is a significant underlying mechanism in cardiovascular disease and its progression. Epidemiological studies, complemented by physiological and biochemical data, show that cigarette smoke adversely affects platelet function, both in smokers and in nonsmokers exposed to sidestream smoke.