Since March 1933 I have had the opportunity of making a diagnosis and instituting treatment in 60 cases of external anthrax. In 51 cases the patients were employees of a local mill engaged in the manufacture of inner lining. Its basic raw material is goat hair imported from China and India under existing regulations. In 4 cases the patients were children. Three of them (cases 3, 6 and 59) lived in the village in close proximity to the mill. They probably contracted anthrax while playing on ground contaminated with particles of hair, although their parents' hands or clothes (the parents worked in the mill) may possibly have been the source of infection. The fourth child (case 28), a girl of 12, contracted the disease after washing her father's work shirt. In case 40 the patient lived in the village and was the wife of a carder. She did not wash