Correlation of haemodynamics and ankle mobility with clinical classes of clinical, aetiological, anatomical and pathological classification in venous disease

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Abstract
Objectives: To correlate venous haemodynamic parameters of lower limbs and amplitude of ankle mobility with the clinical, aetiological, anatomical and pathological classification (CEAP) for venous disease. Methods: Two hundred and eighty-four lower limbs of 142 Caucasian women were evaluated and distributed in six groups according to the CEAP classification: Group I = C0 and C1 ( n = 24); Group II = C2 ( n = 30); Group III = C3 ( n = 27); Group IV = C4 ( n = 23); Group V = C5 ( n = 20) and Group VI = C6 ( n = 18). Goniometric examinations of ankle joints and air plethysmography (APG) were performed. Analysis of variance and the Bonferroni correction, Kruskal-Wallis' non-parametric and Dunn tests were utilized for statistical analysis with the level of significance being set at 5% ( P value < 0.05). Results: There were significant restrictions in ankle mobility seen by goniometry at the C5 stage. In addition, significant changes in the venous-filling index were identified at C2, changes in the ejection fraction at C4 and changes in the residual volume fraction at the C4 stage. Conclusion: The evolution of the clinical state of ankles affected by venous diseases is correlated to a reduction of joint mobility and haemodynamic alterations identified using APG.

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