Tackiness of GR-S and Other Elastomers

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Abstract
The deficiency of GR‐S in ``tackiness'' resulted in a great deal of work in the rubber industry to improve this complex property, but practically all the work had to be evaluated by qualitative ``hand tests'' because quantitative tests were not available. An analysis of the factors involved in the ``tackiness'' of various materials showed that different factors were critical in the so‐called ``tackiness'' of rubber, paints, and varnishes, printing inks, adhesive tapes, etc. A quantitative test was developed to measure the effects of rate of removal on the adhesion or ``tackiness'' of pressure‐sensitive adhesive tapes over a 106‐fold range of rates. This showed why the results of standard ``adhesion tests'' of tapes do not predict the relative behavior of the tapes under small forces acting for long times. Another test was developed for the measurement of the ``tackiness'' of GR‐S rubber which correlates well with the judgment of tackiness by hand tests and it even works reasonably well with rough samples taken from a laboratory mill. With this test, the effects of mastication conditions, aging, and of the addition of softeners and tackifiers on ``tackiness'' of GR‐S (with and without carbon black) were studied. The German tackifier ``Koresin,'' which is now manufactured in this country, was found to be far more effective than rosin and similar materials formerly used, and gave a tackiness approaching that of natural rubber.

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