Basal Ceratopsia

Abstract
Ceratopsia consists of Psittacosauridae and Neoceratopsia. Psittacosauridae is a monogeneric (Psittacosaurus) clade consisting of ten species, while basal Neoceratopsia is formed by eleven genera, with twelve species of basal Neoceratopsia being recognized. This chapter discusses the anatomy, phylogeny, and paleobiology of basal ceratopsians. Basal ceratopsians are small (1–3 m long), bipedal or quadrupedal herbivores. The best preserved and described specimens representing the major subgroups among basal ceratopsians are Psittacosaurus mongoliensis, Archaeoceratops oshimai, Protoceratops andrewsi, and Leptoceratops gracilis.

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