Integrated selective enrichment target – a microtechnology platform for matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization‐mass spectrometry applied on protein biomarkers in prostate diseases

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Abstract
The performance of a miniaturized sample processing platform for matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization‐mass spectrometry (MALDI‐MS), manufactured by silicon microfabrication, called integrated selective enrichment target (ISET) technology was evaluated in a biological context. The ISET serves as both sample treatment device and MALDI‐MS target, and contains an array of 96 perforated nanovials, which each can be filled with 40 nL of reversed‐phase beads. This methodology minimizes the number of sample transfers and the total surface area available for undesired adsorption of the analytes in order to provide high‐sensitivity analysis. ISET technology was successfully applied for characterization of proteins coisolated by affinity chromatography of prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) from human seminal fluid. The application of ISET sample preparation enabled multiple analyses to be performed on a limited sample volume, which resulted in the discovery that prolactin inducible protein (PIP) was coisolated from the samples.