A Molecular-Orbital Model of the Atomic Nuclei

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Abstract
A new nuclear model is proposed that describes the cluster and the shell structures unifiedly. By the present model one can investigate characteristics of one-particle orbitals in clustering states and also polarizations of constituent clusters. The model has its base on the Hartree-Fock (H. F.) approximation for nuclear intrinsic states. The basis wave functions used in the present H. F. calculations are constructed from single-particle wave functions around each “cluster center”, which can well describe possible large eccentric nuclear deformations in light nuclei. The model is analogous to the LCAO-MO-SCF method in the molecular physics. Numerical calculations are performed using an effective two-nucleon force (Volkov No. 1) for the ground states of 8Be and 12C nuclei, and interesting results are obtained about the stability of α-cluster structures. Polarizations are smallest at the equilibrium distance between α-clusters, determined by Brink's α-particle model. An artifical collapse or an extreme decomposition of the α-cluster structures brings about large polarizations. By those polarizations of constituent α-clusters themselves, the α-cluster structure recovers their density distributions. Comparisons of the results are made with those of two-center shell model, usual H. F. calculation and α-particle model.

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