On coherent carbonitride precipitation in commercial microalloyed steels

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Abstract
Fine vanadium carbonitride particles nucleated during interphase precipitation have been investigated in the transmission electron microscope under controlled conditions of diffraction contrast. On dark-field micrographs taken with a carbonitride reflection, particle sizes ranged from 5 nm down to below 2 nm in diameter. No matrix strain around these particles could be detected when matrix reflections were used to produce diffraction contrast under two-beam conditions. It was concluded that the vanadium carbonitrides had precipitated in the form of incoherent particles.