Glucose and Lactate Utilization by Myeloblasts and Erythroblasts of Avian Viral Leukemias23

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Abstract
Studies were made of the quantitative aspects of glucose utilization and evolution of lactate in short-term tissue cultures of avian myeloblasts and erythroblasts. The rate of glucose utilization by erythroblasts was somewhat greater on the basis of cell unit than that of myeloblasts. Metabolic activity of the erythroblasts resulted in a large accumulation of lactate in the culture fluid. In contrast, there was no such accumulation in the preparations of myeloblasts exhibiting the capacity to utilize lactate, not only from the glucose taken up, but from large amounts of lactate in the medium. The phenomenon, under the experimental conditions, was independent of the relative concentrations of glucose and lactate in the medium. Control experiments showed that the activity of red blood cells did not contribute significantly to these results. The same principles of the behavior of myeloblasts and erythroblasts were observed in studies on whole blood from chickens with the diseases. Investigation of the various systems by the Warburg technique yielded no evidence, through measurements of oxygen consumption and CO2 evolution, of the difference between oxidative activities of myeloblasts and those of erythroblasts. Results have thus revealed profound differences between two types of blood cells infected with different, though related, strains of avian leukosis virus. In addition, the metabolic behavior of myeloblasts is at considerable variance from that of other malignant cells. The influence of the findings with myeloblasts on the concept that malignancy is induced by respiratory damage is discussed.

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