Urethritis due to Chlamydia trachomatis.

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Abstract
Men (95) suffering from gonococcal urethritis were treated and observed. Forty-nine developed postgonococcal non-specific urethritis (PGU). Seventeen men were free from PGU after careful observation; these formed a control group. C. trachomatis was isolated from urethral material from 26 (53%) of the PGU group but from none of the controls. This difference was highly significant (P < 0.001). It confirms that C. trachomatis is a pathogen in the urethra. The presence of specific Ig[immunoglobulin]M antibody to C. trachomatis in serum from some men developing PGU, from whom that organism was isolated, suggests that the infection was recent in those cases. Ureaplasma urealyticum (T strain mycoplasma) was isolated from urethral material taken from 22 (45%) of the 49 men in the PGU group, and from 12 (71%) of 17 in the control group. Mycoplasma hominis was isolated from 10 (20%) of the 49 men in the PGU group, and from 4 (24%) of the 17 men in the control group. Thus, no evidence was obtained that mycoplasmas (U. urealyticum, M. hominis) are pathogenic in the urethra.