Immune-Complex Assays: The State of the Art

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Abstract
From studies in laboratory animals there is considerable evidence that circulating complexes of antigen and antibody, or immune complexes, can deposit in tissues and induce pathologic lesions, especially vasculitis and glomerulonephritis.1 The clinical and pathological similarity of a number of human diseases to these experimental models has stimulated efforts to search for immune complexes, particularly in renal, dermatologic and rheumatic diseases. In some cases unequivocal evidence of antigen–antibody complexes has been obtained. Examples are the detection of rheumatoid factor-IgG complexes in the serum and joint fluids of some patients with rheumatoid arthritis,1 of DNA and anti-DNA in the glomeruli or . . .