Effect of sodium and amine fluoride treatment on adsorption and ultrastructure of S. mutans and S. sanguis

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Abstract
A new modification of hydroxyapatite (HA) adherence assay is presented to study the effect of two chemically different fluorides, sodium fluoride (2% solution) and amine fluoride (Elmex sol. concentrate) on the adsorption of S. mutans (ATCC 2751) and S. sanguis (ATCC 10556). Vaseline-coated glass rods were rolled in HA powder, after which the rods were either coated or not coated with salivary pellicle. Both strains adsorbed better to saliva-coated rods. Pretreatment of the rods with fluorides did not much affect the adsorptions. Treatment of bacteria with the fluorides, however, very significantly reduced the adsorption in both strains (P < 0.001). The fluoride treatments also reduced bacterial viabilities, and electron microscopy revealed a distinct toxic effect, in particular among the amine fluoride treated specimens.