Abstract
The structure of hydroxyanigorufone, one of the pigments of Anigozanthos rufus Labill., has been confirmed as 2-hydroxy-9-(4-hydroxyphenyl)phenalenone by synthesis. The general application of two synthetic methods, 9-arylation through addition of Grignard reagents and 2-hydroxylation through epoxidation, is demonstrated by the preparation of several other phenalenones related to natural products.

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