Crosslinked polyimide electro-optic materials

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Abstract
We report studies of the optical and electro‐optic properties of guest–host polymeric nonlinear optical materials based on aromatic, fluorinated, fully imidized, organic soluble, thermally, and photochemically crosslinkable, guest–host polyimides. We have introduced temperature stable nonlinear optical chromophores into these polyimides and studied optical losses, electric field poling, electro‐optic properties, and orientational stability. We measured electro‐optic coefficients of 5.5 and 12.0 pm/V for ((2,6‐Bis(2‐(3‐(9‐(ethyl)carbazolyl))ethenyl)4H‐pyran‐4‐ylidene)propanedinitrile (4‐(Dicyanomethylene)‐2‐methyl‐6‐(p ‐dimethylaminostyryl)‐4H‐pyran) DCM‐doped guest–host systems at 800 nm using a poling field of 1.3 MV/cm. Poling induced nonlinearities in single‐layer films were in agreement with the oriented gas model, but were lower in three‐layer films due to voltage division across the layers.