Environmental Factors Affecting Conidial Survival of Five Pear Decay Fungi

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Abstract
The survival of conidia of Botrytis cinerea, Mucor piriformis, Penicillium expansum, Pezicula malicorticis and Phialophora malorum on pear fruit surfaces in the orchard and under selected temperature-relative humidity combinations was determined. Under controlled conditions, survival half-life (T50) of B. cinerea and P. expansum often exceeded 1 mo., but the T50s of M. piriformis and P. malicorticis often were less than 2 wk. Survival of these fungi decreased as temperature increased from -1.1.degree. to 30.degree. C. The T50 of P. malorum varied from about 2-6 wk and was less at 20 than at 10.degree. or 30.degree. C. Conidial survival in the orchard was about 20-40% of that at similar temperature and relative humidity in controlled environments, and the T50s in the orchard of B. cinerea, P. expansum and M. piriformis were 14.4, 6.1 and 4.2 days, respectively.

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