Anterior Shift of the Dominant EEG Rhythm during Anesthesia in the Java Monkey
Open Access
- 1 April 1977
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Wolters Kluwer Health in Anesthesiology
- Vol. 46 (4) , 252-259
- https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-197704000-00005
Abstract
EEG amplitude dominance in awake man is posterior. During EEG monitoring in patients, the abrupt appearance of anterior amplitude dominance during induction of anesthesia with halothane, enflurane or thiopental was previously observed. This EEG change was coincident with loss of eyelid reflex and loss of ability to respond to command. This EEG change was studied with several anesthetics in 5 Java monkeys [Macaca fascicularis] to determine alveolar anesthetic concentrations at which it occurred and to observe the effects of various stimuli on it. EEG recordings were obtained after equilibration at each level with increasing concentrations of halothane, enflurane or isoflurane in O2 and each agent again in 30% N2O, in separate experiments in the same animals. EEG amplitude dominance became anterior in each animal with each anesthetic and combination at concentrations less than MAC [maximum acceptable concentration], which was also determined in the same experiments. At lower concentrations, stimulation at equilibrated anesthetic concentrations resulted in abrupt EEG return to posterior amplitude dominance. The end-tidal anesthetic concentration at which persistence of anterior EEG dominance was seen after stimulation was approximately 0.4 MAC for each anesthetic and combination tested. This was interpreted as support for physical solution-lipid solubility theories of anesthetic action. An EEG change common to various anesthetics may increase the clinical usefulness of EEG monitoring. This EEG change may signal loss of awareness. Observance of sustained anterior EEG amplitude dominance may provide assurance of obliteration of awareness during anesthesia.Keywords
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