Morphology of peritumoral proteoglycan alterations in the rabbit mesentery invaded by V2 carcinoma cells

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Abstract
After intraperitoneal implantation into Swiss Silver rabbits, V2 rabbit carcinoma cells invade the mesentery where they form nodules of different size and texture: compact (less than 120 μm in diameter), loose (120‐250 ũm) and mixed (above 200 ũm). Together with tumor development, certain changes take place in the loose connective tissue of the mesentery. Application of TEM, together with use of safranin O, has shown that, in areas free of tumor growth, collagen bundles become thick and heavy and proteoglycan density is increased. Concurrently, the number of fibrocytes, now transformed to fibroblasts, increases. Small, compact nodules are surrounded by a concentrically arranged extracellular matrix. Its overall density is similar to that of nodule‐free areas. In the immediate vicinity of large, loose nodules, all constituents of the extracellular matrix disappear. Adjacent connective tissue is partly destroyed but still contains collagen fibers and proteoglycans. These findings suggest the following: (1) The presence of V2 carcinoma cells induces marked alterations in the structured and non‐structured components of the extracellular matrix. (2) These changes are, at the same time, progressive and regressive and the occurrence of one or the other depends on local tumor progression. (3) Progressive alterations may result from an increased activity of fibroblasts. Since degradative effects, on the other hand, are only seen in the immediate vicinity of larger tumor aggregates, it is assumed that a minimal number of tumor cells is essential for destruction of extracellular matrix.