Morphological and cytological separation ofAmphorophoraBuckton (Homoptera: Aphididae) feeding on European raspberry and blackberry (Rubusspp.)

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Abstract
Aphids of the genusAmphorophoracollected from European raspberry,Rubus idaeus, have a chromosome complement of 2n(♀)=18, whereasAmphorophorafromR. fruticosusagg. (blackberry, brambles) have a basic chromosome complement of 2n(♀)=20. Canonical variates analysis based on eight characters measured on numerous samples of apterous virginoparae showed thatAmphorophoraon EuropeanRubuscan be separated morphologically into two groups consistent with the differences in host plant and karyotype, and these two groups are concluded to be separate species. The correct name for the aphid on raspberry that is a vector of European raspberry viruses isAmphorophora idaei(Börn.), and the species on blackberry isA. rubi(Kalt.). Simple biometric methods of discriminating betweenA. idaeiandA. rubibased on pairs of variables are suggested, and their reliability is discussed. Taxonomic problems in the European and North AmericanRubus-feeding species ofAmphorophoraare considered with particular reference to their importance in applied entomology.