The evaporation of InP under Knudsen (equilibrium) and Langmuir (free) evaporation conditions

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Abstract
The evaporation of InP under Knudsen and Langmuir conditions has been investigated mass-spectrometrically using a modulated molecular beam technique combined with phase-sensitive detection and signal averaging to separate evaporating species from background species in the vacuum system. P2 was found to be the dominant species over InP under Knudsen conditions but significant evaporation fluxes of In and P4 were also detected. The P4 flux was attributed to P2+P2 association on the oven walls. A congruent evaporation point under these conditions was predicted at 629±5 K. Under Langmuir evaporation conditions the only evaporating species detected were In and P2. Up to 638±5 K the (100) surface evaporated congruently but above this temperature there was a disproportionate loss of P2 from the surface. The equilibrium vapour pressures of In, P2 and P4 over InP and of In over pure In are presented and enthalpies for the reactions InP(s)->In(s)+½P2 (g); 2P2 (g)->P4(g); In (s)-> In (g) calculated.

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