Abstract
Summary : Expertise level and odour perception : What can we learn from red burgundy wines ? We compare the olfactive dimensions used by expert and novice wine tasters to describe and categorise a series of 13 red burgundy wines. Verbal and non-verbal approaches have been used in parallel. The verbal approach included a communication task and a description task. Pairs of assessors were asked to match a series of samples based only on verbal exchanges. All the generated terms were recorded and the most frequently used terms served as a basis for the description task. The non-verbal approach included a similarity judgement task. Multivariate analyses have been used to analyse the data. Results show that (1) both groups of subjects were able to perform the communication task reasonably well and to generate a coherent set of descriptors, (2) the two groups of subjects used an equivalent number of dimensions to describe and categorise the wines, and (3) the two groups of subjects used the same dimensions for the non-verbal task, but different dimensions for the verbal task. This dissociation between verbal and non-verbal task suggests that the perceptual representation of wine is similar for the two groups of subjects but that the verbalisation of this representation varies with expertise level. Subjects with a higher level of expertise tend to use analytical ternis whereas subjects with a lower level tend to use holistic terms. Key words : odour perception, wine expertise.Résumé Cette étude compare les dimensions olfactives utilisées par deux groupes de sujets ayant un niveau d'expertise différent, pour décrire et catégoriser 13 vins. Deux approches ont été utilisées en parallèle : une épreuve verbale comprenant une tâche de génération de vocabulaire suivie d'une tâche de description des vins et une épreuve non verbale au cours de laquelle les sujets ont évalué la similitude olfactive des 13 vins. Les résultats indiquent que les deux groupes de sujets ont une représentation perceptive des vins identique mais interprètent et décrivent différemment leurs sensations. Mots-clés : perception odeur, expertise vin.Chollet S., Valentin Dominique. Le degré d'expertise a-t-il une influence sur la perception olfactive ? Quelques éléments de réponse dans le domaine du vin. In: L'année psychologique. 2000 vol. 100, n°1. pp. 11-36

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