Indirect Electrooxidation by Using Ruthenium Tetraoxide and Chloride Ion as Recycling Mediators. Optimization for the Oxidation of Diisopropylidene-d-glucose to the Ulose

Abstract
Various factors related to the yield and selectivity for the indirect electrooxidation of diisopropylidene glucose (1) to the ulose 2 with ruthenium tetraoxide (RuO4) and chloride ion are investigated. The following is found to be optimum conditions: pH, ca. 10: solvent system, carbon tetrachloride and t-butyl alcohol (ca. 9 : 1); current density, 10–40 mA cm−2; temperature, 20–40 °C; catalyst amount, 2 mol% of RuO2·2H2O (based on 1). The optimized electrolysis affords the desired 2 in 90% yield along with a trace of the cleavaged product 3 (0.2%) by an overoxidation.

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