Prediction of Genetic Differences Among Herds with Estimates of Breeding Value

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Abstract
Estimates of breeding values are used to select cows across herds and within herds to be dams of future sires. Variation in estimates of breeding values should reflect genetic differences among cows, among and within herds. The amount of genetic differences among herds predicted by 6 estimates of breeding values were studied. Estimates of breeding values were developed by selection index and a mixed linear model for 25,843 Holstein cows in 693 herds in Iowa, Kansas and Missouri, [USA]. Intrasire regressions indicated that 10% of the differences among herds was genetic. The estimates of breeding value varied significantly in their ability to predict these genetic differences, but even the best procedure yielded estimates less than 60% of the desired value. Both inclusion of more information from relatives and adjustment of herdmate averages for expected herd genetic average improved the association of herd production with estimates of breeding values. Estimates of breeding values did not vary greatly in the proportion of their total variation associated with herds. Product-moment correlations between the estimates of breeding values were all greater than .88.