Artifacts in four‐sector tandem mass spectrometry

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Abstract
Several types of artifacts were shown to be present in 4-sector tandem collision-induced dissociation (CID) mass spectra. In CID spectra of protonated peptides produced by liquid secondary-ion mass spectrometry (LSIMS), peaks corresponding to successive losses of matrix molecules from the precursor ion were observed. In addition, peaks corresponding to MH+ ions of smaller peptides that were also present in the sample/matrix mixture in greater abundance than the selected precursor ion were observed. Both of these types of artifact peaks were shown to originate from the ‘peak-at-every-mass’ chemical noise at the same nominal mass as that selected by the first 2 sectors (MS1). These noise ions are transmitted through to the collision cell and produce fragments that are analysed and detected in the next 2 sectors (MS2). A second, unrelated, kind of artifact was found to be due to decompositions in the second field-free region of MS2 in an EBEB geometry machine. These artifacts, which are detectable over only a very limited mass range when using a conventional single-point detector, can be present over a much greater mass range when an array detector is used and when the collision cell is floated above ground potential. A clear understanding of the origins of all peaks in a CID spectrum is important in order to have a firm foundation for interpretation, manual or computer-aided, of the spectra of unknown compounds.