Cosmic loops and bubbles in expanding universes

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Abstract
The authors present a detailed study of the dynamics of a circular cosmic loop and of a spherical cosmic bubble embedded in an expanding Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) spacetime. If the expansion is fast enough regardless of the curvature of the FRW spacetime, analysing the equations of motion via similarity and asymptotic methods they find that stable loops and bubbles can exist. Due to the expansion of the universe, they find strings and bubbles whose radial velocities become singular after a finite time. Also, for the open and closed models they find solutions that represent static loops and bubbles.

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