Liquid Crystal Phases Exhibited by N,N′-Dialkanoyldiaminomesitylenes

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Abstract
The enthalpy of melting of N,N′-dialkanoyl-1,3-diaminobenzene is drastically decreased by the introduction of lateral methyl groups and becomes so small that liquid crystal phases exhibiting schlieren textures emerge in the 2,4,6-trimethyl compounds carrying octanoyl to octadecanoyl groups. The X-ray diffraction patterns of unoiented specimens consisting of two diffuse peaks indicate that these phases are of the nematic type. Another high-temperature phase with both optical anisotropy and fluidity appears in the butyryl to dodecanoyl derivatives. The diffraction pattern is composed of a number of sharp peaks showing that this phase has a three-dimensional lattice.

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