Pneumococcal Vaccine — Past, Present, and Future

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Abstract
IN this issue of the Journal, Shapiro and colleagues present the results of a case–control study of the efficacy of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine.1 In their carefully designed and implemented study, the vaccine had an efficacy of 61 percent (95 percent confidence interval, 47 percent to 72 percent) in immunocompetent persons. The large size of the study allowed an elegant analysis of the variables that affect the efficacy of the vaccine. The results confirm and extend the findings from a number of studies conducted in the 14 years since the initial 14-valent vaccine was licensed.2 This history illustrates the often . . .

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