A Chemical Approach to the Mechanism of B‐Lymphocyte Activation

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Abstract
Dinitrophenyl (DNP)-lysine-polymethylmethacrylate and DNP-cellulose conjugates do not irreversibly inactivate anti-DNP antigen-sensitive cells, regardless of the dose (up to 10 mg) or persistence of the stimulation (up to 2 wk). Since these conjugates constitute pure hapten presentations, the pure hapten presentation to B [bone marrow-derived] lymphocyte does not irreversibly inactivate them. When murine spleen cells are cultured with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and (non-immunogenic) DNP-lysine-polymethylmethacrylate or (non-immunogenic) DNP-cellulose conjugates, an anti-DNP immune response occurs. Replacement of DNP-lysine-polymethylmethacrylate with polymethylmethacrylate, or DNP-cellulose with cellulose, results in a similar anti-DNP response. The anti-DNP responses are entirely elicited by LPS, the hapten DNP being inoperative. The anti-DNP response elicited by DNP-Ficoll is, upon exhaustive testing, carrier-dependent. The mechanism of DNP-Ficoll immunogenicity might not be 2 cooperative signals passed on to B lymphocytes via the hapten DNP. These results argue against any 2-signal model of B lymphocyte activation.

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