Grating interferometer with extremely high stability, suitable for measuring small refractive index changes

Abstract
We describe here a grating interferometer with extremely high stability and which can be used as a differential refractometer. The instrument uses heterodyne techniques to achieve high sensitivity. We present an analysis of the operation of the system and results which show that it has a long term stability of the order of 1/1500 wavelength over 2 h.

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