Possible existence of a phonon bottleneck in the paraelectric resonance of smoky quartz

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Abstract
Strong saturation of the observed intensity of the paraelectric resonance line in smoky quartz is reported for temperatures in the liquid-helium range. Quantitative agreement with the data is obtained with a tentative model in which the localized electric dipoles are strongly coupled to lattice phonons and in which a phonon bottleneck exists. The latter should allow an increase of the effective temperature of the dipole system with an increase of the microwave power via a mechanism of acoustic paraelectric resonance with piezoelectrically generated phonons. Above 2.5 K multiphonon effects become of importance and should reduce the effect of the phonon bottleneck.

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