Hydrodynamic study of flexibility in immunoglobulin igG1 using Brownian dynamics and the Monte Carlo simulations of a simple model

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Abstract
A simple bead model is proposed for the antibody molecule immunoglobulin IgG1. The partial flexibility of the hinge is represented by a quadratic potential associated to the angles between arms. Conformational and hydrodynamic properties are calculated using Monte Carlo (rigid‐body) and Brownian dynamics simulations. Comparison of experimental and calculated values for some overall properties allows the assignment of dimensions and other model parameters. The Brownian dynamics technique is used next to simulate a rotational correlation function that is comparable with the decay of fluorescence emission anisotropy. This is done with varying flexibility at the hinge. The longest relaxation time shows a threefold decrease when going from the rigid Y‐shaped conformation to the completely flexible case. The calculations are in good agreement with the decay times observed for IgG1. A flexibility analysis of the latter indicates that a variability of ±55° (standard deviation) in the angle between the Fab arms.