Effects of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Salmonella typhimurium and Francisella tularensis Infections on Oxidative, Glycolytic and Lysosomal Enzyme Activity in Red and White Skeletal Muscle in the Rat

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Abstract
Since opinions differ as to whether the oxidative and glycolytic capabilities of skeletal muscle are altered in acute infection, enzyme activities in oxidative, glycolytic and degradative (acid hydrolases) pathways and total protein and DNA were determined in skeletal muscle of rats infected with S. pneumoniae, S. typhimurium or F. tularensis. Studies were performed separately in red (slow twitch) and white (fast twitch) muscle tissue because these fibers function during different types of exercise. In the Salmonella-infected and tularemic-infected rats, the intramitochondrially located oxidative enzymes of muscle were decreased to 56-83% of controls; the glycolytic enzyme situated in the cytosol showed an earlier and more pronounced loss of activity, 30-75% of controls. In the pneumococcal infection, only reduced glycolytic activity was significant. DNA concentrations were unchanged in any infection. Reductions during tularemia were statistically correlated with whole cell protein degradation; that of the glycolytic enzyme was paralleled by activation of lysosomal enzymes. Red and white muscle tissues responded similarly, in contrast to several other pathologic states that involve a catabolic component of muscle with a predominant response (or damage) in either fiber type.

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