In ophthalmoscopy optic disc drusen often bear a fallacious resemblance to true papilledema, and some of those affected have neurological disorders. Adequate realization of the relation between drusen and these disorders may save some children from neuroradiological and neurosurgical investigations, often considered unavoidable for exclusion of an intracranial process. Systematic elevation in a series of 50 children with optic disc drusen showed that neurological disorders were common, even in subjects brought to examination for other than neurological symptoms. Two subgroups were identified. There was a group of 15 clumsy children with learning difficulties and delayed development of speech. Another group consisted of 20 children with sudden convulsions and/or headache and vomiting and with EEG abnormalities but otherwise normal neurological findings. There was a subgroup with miscellaneous abnormalities and a minor group of children in whom no abnormalities were found except for the eye anomaly.