ACUTE METHYL MERCURY INTOXICATION IN MICE — Effect on the Immune System —

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Abstract
Effect of organic Hg on the immune system was studied in experimental acute methyl mercury intoxication in mice. After 7 daily injections of methyl mercury hydroxide, marked atrophy of the thymic cortex and splenic lymphoid follicles were observed, associated with decrease of PHA[phytohemagglutinin]- and LPS[lipopolysaccharide]-responsiveness of splenic lymphocytes and conversely increased PHA- and LPS-responsiveness of thymocytes. An apparent decrease of antibody formation against sheep red blood cells was observed at 7 days after the last injection. All changes reverted to normal level within 4 wk after the last injection. Histochemically, Hg deposits were found massively in the renal tubules and slightly in macrophages throughout the body at 7 days after the last injection. The Hg deposits in macrophages of the thymus, lymph nodes and liver increased in concentration thereafter, with concomitant decrease of those in renal tubules. The presence of Hg in these deposits was confirmed by electron probe analysis. Organic mercury may show a direct cytotoxic effect on lymphocytes, but the effect may soon be detoxicated by macrophages.

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