Shrinking behavior and dehydration of ionic hydrogel in an electric field.

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Abstract
The mechanism of shrinkage and dehydration of ionic hydrogels packed in an electric cell were investigated on the basis of the distribution of pH around the gel, the Na+ ion concentration within the gels packed in the cell and the dehydration rate. It was found that shrinkage and dehydration of the ionic gels take place through the following processes : (1) generation of H+ and OH- ions by electrolysis ; (2) ion-exchange between H+ ions generated on the anode and Na+ ions dissociated originally within the gels ; (3) accumulation of Na+ ions near the cathode by electrophoresis ; and (4) increasein ionic strength near the cathode caused by process (3). Therefore, the shrinkage and dehydration of ionic gels depend on the generation of H+ ions by electrolysis and electrophoresis of Na+ ions.

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