A factor analysis of personality and fear variables in phobic disorders.

Abstract
Taking into account the methodological failings of past factor analytic research in the area, this investigation explores certain fears and personality traits of 225 individuals experiencing 1 of 4 phobic conditions: agoraphobia, claustrophobia, social phobia or some other specific phobia. Several Fear Survey Schedule variables and the personality scales of the Guilford-Zimmerman Temperament Survey were factor analyzed. Five factors were extracted which are in large part consistent with previous findings. These factors were related to each of 4 independent variables; treatment subgroup, diagnosis, age and sex. Clinic and private clients did not differ significantly on any factor, nor did age account for any meaningful change in factor scores. The diagnostic groups scored discrepantly on 2 factors, social activity and cognitive introversion and fear of sensory stimuli. Females differed significantly from males on 1 factor, femininity and miscellaneous fears. These results are discussed both in terms of past research and in terms of possible ramifications for the clinical practice of behavior therapy.