Evidence of groundwater flow on Antizana ice-covered volcano, Ecuador / Mise en évidence d'écoulements souterrains sur le volcan englacé Antizana, Equateur
- 1 February 2008
- journal article
- Published by Taylor & Francis in Hydrological Sciences Journal
- Vol. 53 (1) , 278-291
- https://doi.org/10.1623/hysj.53.1.278
Abstract
Hydrological and glaciological data were gathered in the watershed (1.37 km2) of the Antizana Glacier 15 (0.7 km2) in the periods 1997–2002 and 1995–2005, respectively. In addition, tracer experiments were carried out to analyse the flow through permeable morainic deposits located between the glacier snout and the runoff gauging station. Over 11 years, the mean specific net balance of the glacier was negative (–627 mm w.e.), despite the occurrence of positive values in the La Niña years (1999–2000). From the glacier net mass balance between 1997 and 2002, it was found that the mean flow originating from ice melt was significantly higher than the mean discharge measured at the hydrological station. Analyses of tracer experiments and of the different components of the hydrological balance suggest groundwater flow that originates below the glacier accounts for the remaining water. This result is important for regional analyses of available water resources and for the relationship between hydro-cryos... Résumé Des mesures hydrologiques (1997–2002) et glaciologiques (1995–2005) ont été effectuées sur le bassin versant (1.37 km2) du glacier 15 de l'Antizana (0.7 km2). Parallèlement, des essais de traçage ont été réalisés afin d'analyser les écoulements au travers des dépôts morainiques situés entre le front du glacier et la station hydrologique. En onze ans, le bilan de masse spécifique moyen du glacier est négatif (–627 mm eq.e) malgré les bilans positifs observés au cours de La Niña de 1999–2000. Entre 1997 et 2002, le débit moyen de fonte évalué à partir des données glaciologiques est supérieur au débit moyen mesuré en aval de la moraine. L'analyse des essais de traçage et des termes du bilan hydrologique indique que cette différence provient d'écoulements souterrains sous le glacier. Ce résultat est important pour évaluer les ressources en eau disponibles à l'échelle régionale et analyser la relation entre les processus hydrologiques et l'activité volcanique.Keywords
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