Influence of Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) Density and Duration of Interference on Soybean (Glycine max) Growth and Yield

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Abstract
The effect of Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosusL. # HELTU) density and duration of interference in soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr. ‘Hodgson 78’] was investigated in two studies. Jerusalem artichoke densities of 1, 2, and 4 tubers/m of row reduced soybean seed yield by 31, 59, and 71%, respectively. Soybean height, branches/plant, pods/plant, and seed weight were usually reduced by all three weed densities. Soybean leaf area and relative growth rates were reduced by densities of 2 and 4 tubers/m of crop row, and net assimilation rate (NAR) was reduced by 4 tubers/m of crop row. Jerusalem artichoke interference at 4 tubers/m of row for 4, 6, 8, and 20 weeks (full season) reduced soybean yields 9, 10, 38, and 82%, respectively. Branches/plant, pods/plant, and seeds/plant were reduced after 8 weeks of interference. These results suggest that Jerusalem artichoke is highly competitive with soybean and should be controlled within 6 weeks after planting.