Introduction of Nitrogen Atoms on the Surface of Glass and its Application to Chromatography

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Abstract
Glass was attacked with a gaseous mixture of nitrogen and ammonia in the proportion 1:3. The effects were perceptible at temperatures above 500°C. It could be proved, through a qualitative and quantitative analysis of attacked pyrex glass, and x-ray diffraction, that nitrogen atoms were present, which probably formed Si-N-B bonds. Neither NH nor NH2 groups were found. The glass surface was highly changed after the attack, its Wenzel factor (real surface/apparent surface) having increased. The γc values of treated and non-treated surfaces were calculated as well as the adsorption isotherms of benzene, ethanol, methylethylketone, nitromethane and pyridine. Adsorption decreased in the products which did not contain nitrogen atoms. Nitromethane and pyridine were somewhat more adsorbed, but the linear range of the isotherms was wider. Such an attack is very appropriate to deactivate the pyrex glass capillary columns. The gaseous mixture can be introduced when the tube is being drawn. The columns obtained have good qualities for analysis of polar substances.

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