Abstract
UNTIL the last three years, the successful management of Infants with hyaline-membrane disease has lagged behind the treatment of other disorders of the newborn infant. Events leading up to the current therapeutic approach to hyaline-membrane disease were initially dependent, like the approach to treatment of all medical diseases, on clarification of the pathogenesis of the disorder. An understanding of this disease, however, first required the recognition of the fundamental concept of the stability of alveoli as dependent on the pulmonary surfactant, which has the unique property of lowering surface tension at the air-liquid interface of alveoli virtually to zero.1 This . . .