Formation of Wide Binaries by Fragmentation

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Abstract
Although observations strongly suggest that fragmentation during the protostar collapse is the primary formation mechanism for wide binaries, the theoretical calculations as yet do not well explain the statistical properties of such systems. The results of a number of numerical simulations are discussed, and it is pointed out that, although fragmentation is obtained in such calculations, in many cases either the initial conditions are not realistic, or the calculations are insufficiently resolved, or the calculations have not been taken far enough to account for the accretion of most of the initial core material onto the components of the forming system. Certain aspects of the numerical results are, however, consistent with the fragmentation hypothesis.