Detection of p53 Polymorphism at Codon 72 by PCR and Allele-specific Oligonucleotide Hybridization on Microtiter Plates

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Abstract
The p53 tumor suppressor gene lies on chromosome 17p and encodes a nuclear phosphoprotein. Wild-type p53 protein can suppress cellular transformation and proliferation (1)(2). Mutations in the p53 gene are the most common genetic alteration in human cancers (3). More than one-half of all human cancers show either absence of the p53 protein function or mutations in the gene. Mutant and wild-type p53 may oligomerize, thereby disrupting the function of the tetrameric complex (4). Codon 72 of the p53 gene was found to be a site of frequent polymorphism (5). The frequencies of allelic variants at this codon not only differ among different ethnic groups (6)(7), they are also associated with cancer susceptibility (8)(9)(10).